Stress and Factor of Safety

These calculators turn loads into stresses and compare them to limits. Get stress from a load and a section, principal stresses and von Mises stress, hoop stress in a pipe or vessel, and the factor of safety.

Tools in this group

• Cable Sag Calculator — Enter the span, the sag, the cable weight and any load at midspan to get the horizontal and maximum cable tension, or solve for the sag.
• Factor of Safety Formula and Calculator — Divide strength by stress, or failure load by working load, to get the factor of safety; or find the allowable stress for a required factor.
• Hoop Stress Formula and Calculator — Get the hoop and longitudinal stress in a pipe or vessel from pressure, diameter and wall thickness, or the pressure or wall a stress limit allows.
• Principal Stress Formula and Calculator — Enter the normal and shear stresses on an element to get the principal stresses and their angle, the maximum shear and von Mises stress, with Mohr's circle.
• Stress Calculator — Choose axial, shear, bending or torsion, enter the load and the section, and get the stress in MPa and psi with every step shown.